Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory: A Qualitative Study

Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory: A Qualitative Study From the hour of origination til' the very end, people experience relentless changes. One would encounter organic, mental and psychological changes as one advances throughout everyday life. It prompts an adjustment in the manner one thinks and carries on. Advancement is the efficient change that happens in a person throughout life (Shaffer and Kipp 2009: 2). The improvement of an individual is impacted by variables of nature and sustain. In view of these elements, different therapists have proposed hypotheses relating to human turn of events. Especially, analysts have been keen on how one’s character creates; regardless of whether character is innate or whether it is formed by one’s encounters and condition. Among such therapists was Erik Erikson who proposed the psychosocial hypothesis of advancement. Erikson was a supporter of Freud and acknowledged a significant number of the idea’s that Freud presented, anyway Erikson made changes to Freud’s thoughts and presented the hypothesis of psychosocial improvement (Erikson 1963, 1982 refered to in Shaffer and Kipp 2009: 44). Freud accepted that the phases of character advancement was affected by the development of sex sense, this hypothesis was named psychosexual turn of events (refer to required). Psychosexual hypothesis of improvement centers basically around the oblivious brain. The id, sense of self and superego are the parts of character and these three segments create in understanding to the phases of psychosexual turn of events. There are 5 phases of psychosexual turn of events; the oral, butt-centric, phallic, idleness lastly the genital stage. The degree to which clashes are settled in every one of these stages impact one’s character further down the road. Erikson changed this hypothesis by stressing more on social and social impacts on advancement and character, as opposed to the impact of sex sense and desires. The psychosocial hypothesis of advancement builds a progression of 8 phases of psychosocial strife that one would experience at different phases of life. Each stage comprises of a significant emergency. The time at which every emergency rises is reliant on elements of organic development and social requests that one would experience during different periods of life. The degree to which an individual purposes each contention influences the mental turn of events and character of the individual (reference required). Early beneficial encounters, in this way, are expected to significantly affect the manner by which one would consider the world, the manner in which one would shape social connections and on what one would think about oneself. To decide how Erikson’s psychosocial hypothesis of improvement may contribute in clarifying how relational connections, feeling and character are molded, especially in people of the Sri Lankan setting, an organized meeting was defined and 2 people were met dependent on how he/she thinks back on his/her life. The meeting gives methods for getting subjective information about the participants’ lives as for the psychosocial advancement that has and is occurring. The example for the meeting comprised of a multi year old Sri Lankan male who was hitched and a multi year old Sri Lankan female who was separated, single and had 2 youngsters. The control of the member A (the male member) was mechanical building and member B (the female member) filled in as a classified secretary. Before the meeting was directed, every member was informed on the motivation behind the meeting and the technique in which the meeting would happen, at that point were inquired as to whether he/she might want to take an interest in the investigation. Data with respect to the normal span of the meeting and the idea of the inquiries that would be posed was additionally given to the members before the meeting so the member would be completely mindful of what the results of participating in the examination would be. The meeting was an organized meeting; 38 open finished inquiries were formulated and there was a normal of 4 inquiries identifying with every one of the 8 phases of Erikson’s hypothesis of psychosocial advancement. After the members consented to take an interest in the investigation an up close and personal meeting was directed at each of the participants’ homes. Before the meeting started the members were informed on privacy being kept up, their privileges to not address addresses that they wished not to reply and they were given the option to pull back at any second they wished. The members at that point marked an assent structure and the meeting continued. Stage 1: Trust versus doubt The principal phase of psychosocial improvement is accepted to happen during earliest stages (0 †1 year). At this stage the connection between the newborn child and mother is of significance. So as to develop a sound harmony among trust and doubt the newborn child ought not be overprotected and enjoyed at this point the baby ought to be thought about and not ignored. In the event that the newborn child is mishandled or dismissed at this stage the infant’s fundamental trust will be demolished and question would be cultivated. At the point when one has question one will in general expect that the world would bring all the more terrible his/her way than great. One may think that its hard to confide in companions and friends and family, even society. Question may even reason a person to be more avoidant of presentation to dangers in light of the fact that the individual feels that the world is perilous and conflicting. Contrastingly, if the baby is overprotected by the mother the newborn child may build up a misguided feeling of trust. Protection from any type of suddenness may add up to tactile twisting and the individual may get credulous. Such people are commonly hopeful. In the meeting directed, questions were approached to decide how believing the member was of the world. At the point when gotten some information about what the member thinks the future holds, member An expressed that he was hopeful somewhat about the future and the reactions that member A gave uncovered that he didn't appear to experience issues in confiding in others. Member An accepted that the world is acceptable yet has its appalling when asked whether the member thinks the world is a terrible spot. Utilizing the psychosocial hypothesis of advancement member A seems to have a sound harmony among trust and doubt. Along these lines it tends to be surmised that as a newborn child the member acquired adequate warmth and care without being overprotected. Member B, in any case, was c ritical about the future, neglected to perceive any great on the planet and didn't appear to confide in others effortlessly. Doubt appears to have encouraged more in member B and this might be because of disregard during earliest stages. Anyway how much this hypothesis is viable can be of inquiry. Member B’s question may not be a consequence of experience during outset, rather it might be an encounter from sometime down the road. The individual is separated and the bombed marriage might be a superior clarification for why the individual is cynical and thinks that its hard to confide in others. Stage 2: Autonomy versus disgrace and uncertainty Between the age of 1 and 3, applying freedom turns into a key test for the youngster. The kid starts to oversee his/her body and can investigate environmental factors. In the event that the kid is mocked for his/her endeavors at independence the kid may get far fetched and embarrassed about taking care of circumstances and issues on his/her own. Member A’s reactions to the inquiries dependent on self-governance took no limits but instead fell on center ground. The reactions uncovered that the member settled on choices freely and didn't depend on others for issues that should have been taken care of himself, anyway would look for help at times if all else fails. Member B, nonetheless, despite everything depended on guardians for help when settling on significant choices throughout everyday life and would request help when confronting trouble or if dubious about what to do. In this manner, it very well may be accepted that member B is less self-sufficient than member A. Anyway i n the Sri Lankan culture rarely to discover grown-ups as yet looking for his/her folks for guidance. Families in Sri Lankan culture are intently weave. Indeed, even as youngsters develop into grown-ups, the relationship with guardians stay solid and it is very basic to locate that older guardians keep on living with their grown-up kids and grandkids. This closeness and certainty could be the motivation behind why people despite everything approach guardians for exhortation even as a grown-up, not as a result of self-sufficiency as a little child. In this sense Erikson’s hypothesis might be ethnocentric and not exactly relevant in Sri Lankan culture. Stage 3: Initiative versus blame This stage happens between the age of 3 and 6 years. Notwithstanding independence, the youngster currently learns characteristics of arranging and undertaking assignments for being dynamic. Blame is an aftereffect of being condemned for experience and experimentation. At this phase in a child’s life Erikson features the significance of experience and play regardless of how childish it might appear to the parent of chief. Keeping a person from commencement at this stage may affect the individual’s certainty to start in later life and may ingrain dread that the individual isn't right or would be objected. Anyway the youngster should in any case experience the result of missteps and learn through experimentation with the goal that the kid doesn't end up being flippant so that the child’s still, small voice creates thus that he/she doesn't get pretentious in nature. Stage 4: Industry versus mediocrity From the age of 7 to 12, the child’s psychological capacities increment radically. The skill of the kid creates and the kid starts to take part in important movement. Contribution in extracurricular exercises in school may enable the youngster to plan to enter life and become innovative as an adu

Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 10

Activities Management - Essay Example 29). Through estimating the adequacy of the new applications at the CEUPU, it turns out to be anything but difficult to ascertain the process duration for the applications procedure. Also, contrasting the application procedure and other various units can be an equivalent method of doing the estimations. The preparing of an application includes a few errands and tasks thus an enormous number of individuals are generally engaged with the since quite a while ago run. Without question, the preparing of uses is a delayed strategy that requires vigilant assessment by a few checkers instructed to create appraisals (McFarlan and Delacey, 2003, p. 315). So as to ascertain the quantity of individuals engaged with the preparing of an application, it merits investigating some basic components. Regardless, it is evident that a unit manages generally more than 200 applications on a week by week premise. Thinking about this perspective, a few undertakings must be finished by various representatives, for example, assistants, secretaries, and supervisors, for the procedure to run easily at the appointed time. This means the number the quantity of individuals engaged with the procedure will be controlled by the kind of execution required in the framework. Beyond what 10 individuals from staff can be useful towards running the whole strategy. In any case, it is significant that the expanded number of individuals accessible to run the procedure may bring disarray with regards to the assigning of obligations. Consequently, it is educated while ascertaining the number regarding individuals engaged with the procedure to consider few individuals so as to guarantee adequacy is given the main goal. Refering to on the way that the whole preparing unit is modified to perform different undertakings, it might be hard to find an individual document. Worth referencing, for to be in position to find an individual record, a few estimations and necessities must be met as needs be. In one manner or the other, the focal handling unit is planned in such

Social interaction and the development of infants

Social cooperation and the improvement of babies In the initial two years of a newborn children life, they experience numerous progressions that permit them to form into a completely working individual. These advancements are constrained by interior and outer elements. Social collaboration is an exceedingly persuasive outside factor, which can assist with framing numerous parts of improvement. For instance, babies in the initial two years of their lives are figuring out how to separate between social upgrades, for instance perceiving moms face and voice. This is aced by the newborn child in a moderately little league scale after birth (Mills Melhuish, 1974). The kid would then be able to utilize this new learned capacity to cooperate with its parental figures, even without understanding the social significance of their activities, for instance when a youngster grins, the kid doesn't know about what a grin implies in our general public, however when the guardian sees this indication of feeling, they really want to grin back, and emp hatically fortifies that scholarly activity to the kid. To perceive how significant social connection is for the advancement of a youngster in the initial two years of its life, it is imperative to watch key zones of conduct, for example, connection to other people, the childs disposition and their language obtaining. One of the most examined regions of advancement in kids is connection and how we structure them. Connection, as characterized by Ainsworth and Bell 1970, is an affectional tie that once individual structures among himself and another particular one. This is the principal solid social association that newborn children have to another individual/s. Research by Shaffer and Emerson, directed in 1964, and proposed that there are three phases in the advancement of essential connections; the asocial stage, the phase of aimless connection and the phase of explicit connection. The asocial stage, which ranges from birth to about a month and a half, is the point at which the newborn child utilizes signs to interface with its condition, for instance crying, jabbering, and grinning, etc, which isn't pointed explicitly to anybody. The second phase of unpredictable connection, the baby has discovered that on the off chance that it cries it will get consideration, yet is still not focused on a speci fic individual and the kid can be console by anybody. This stage goes on until around seven months after birth. The last stage, explicit connection, can be seen somewhere in the range of seven and eleven months, and is recommends that the newborn child will begin to frame explicit connections to parental figures, a bond is then made, and will no longer acknowledge comfort from others. Bowlby (1988) depicted that the requirement for social connection between the newborn child and its guardian is on the grounds that the baby needs to effectively try to accomplish or keep up closeness to another person that is more sensitive to their environmental factors and can accommodate the babies needs (connection conduct). There have been three key hypotheses to attempt to clarify why we structure connections, and on the off chance that it is significant for youngsters to frame social bonds in the beginning times of life. The psychoanalytical hypothesis recommends that taking care of and the creation of nourishment is the principle motivation behind why we structure connections. In view of Freuds psychosexual stages, this hypothesis centers around the oral stage (the first of the stages), and recommends that the youngster gets joy from achieving nourishment through sucking conduct (Miller, 1993). Erikson in his stage hypothesis (1950, 1968) states that the primary year of life is the place the newborn child sets up trust among themselves and a parental figure, who consequently gives sustenance and solace. Without this trust, the youngster doesn't know whether they will be given the fundamental wellspring of help that the kid needs to endure. There are two primary learning speculations, the first being the early learning hypothesis. The psychoanalytical hypothesis is firmly connected to this hypothesis, as the two of them propose that being furnished with nourishment is the primary motivation behind why we append. This hypothesis spins around the auxiliary drive theory by Dollard and Miller (1950), which discloses that newborn children append to the mother to access significant things that are required for endurance, things that they can't accommodate themselves for instance nourishment and warmth, all of which mitigate the childs cries. This social connection between the mother and the kid at that point considers the newborn child to connect this with the parental figure, and the bond is reinforced. In any case, this theory can't help contradicting research directed by Shaffer and Emerson (1964), which found that the baby can get connected to more than one guardian, who isn't really the sole supplier to the physiological needs of the kid. The second learning hypothesis for connection is the social learning hypothesis concocted by Hay and Vespo, (1988). The hypothesis expresses that the kid doesn't consequently get joined to the mother, or parental figures, however that the guardians needs to communicate with the youngster and give them love, for the kid to feel an association with them, from which they would then be able to shape a relationship together. Another hypothesis of connection is Ethological hypothesis, which expresses that there is a transformative job in the thinking of why we as people join. The hypothesis recommends that moms before birth are as of now organically inclined to get connected to their posterity, and in this way guarantees they endure, and the species can proceed. Research to help this hypothesis was mostly gathered by Bowlby (1969, 1980), who proposes that connection is monotropic; centered around just a single guardian, to be specific the mother. Be that as it may, inquire about by Ainsworth (1979) can't help contradicting Bowlbys hypothesis of monotropy, and recommends that newborn children structure more than one connection to various guardians. This is upheld by Shaffer and Emersons study, which showed connections to other close relatives for instance grandparents and fathers. It has additionally been discovered that kin can likewise be significant in adding to the social improvement of newborn childre n (Adler, 1964). These three hypotheses propose that connection between the baby and its parental figure is shaped moderately effectively, however similarly, if a kid has practically zero access to social collaboration in the initial two years of their life, it tends to be especially unsafe to the childs improvement. This can be clarified by the social incitement theory which can be seen in inquire about gathered during the 1940s, which showed the kids experiencing childhood in establishments had a low staff to youngster proportion thus infrequently had any association with a guardian. Kids were additionally isolated from one another, as were cut off from all types of social incitement. From the start the newborn children acted the same as those raised in ordinary family homes where the youngsters are given bunches of consideration and collaboration, however following a half year there was an observable distinction; the childrens conduct changes and the kids were totally avoidant of any social exerci ses (negative working model of oneself) and see that they are not getting seen by others (negative working model of others), (Goldfarb, 1943). This examination infers that youngsters need steady social communication to grow appropriately. Bowlby (1953), subsequent to examining institutional consideration after the Second World War, saw that the consideration that the youngsters were getting was increasingly physical, and not for their passionate needs. He built up the maternal hardship speculation; proposed that newborn children should encounter a warm, private and persistent relationship with his mom. Then again, babies in establishments in which there are an a lot higher staff to baby proportion for the most part cooperate ordinarily with their parental figures and grow well all through life and endure less impacts (Tizard and Rees, 1975). Language is another component of create in the initial two years that is firmly impacted by social cooperation. There are three principle hypotheses that talk about what impacts our language securing. The learning/empiricist point of view clarifies that youngsters gain proficiency with their language by tuning in to their folks discourse and mimicking it (Bandura, 1971) and by uplifting feedback when the baby says something linguistically right (Skinner 1957). Research by Weisman and Snow (2001) found that if parental figures open their kids to further developed words before on throughout everyday life, at that point the childs language will be more evolved than other offspring of a similar age gathering. In any case, it has been contended that kids can't learn linguistic structure along these lines, as observed by Baron (1992), when youngsters are simply learning new sentences; they make articulations that grown-ups don't state and in this way couldn't have imitated. Chomsky (1959, 1968) can't help contradicting the learning viewpoint and recommends an increasingly natural/nativist methodology and not a social ramifications. He recommends that language is unreasonably confused for it to simply be gained from parental figures, rather that kids brought into the world with an inborn language securing gadget (LAD) in the cerebrum which forms verbal information. Slobin (1985) believes that we have an inherent language-production limit (LMC) rather than a LAD. Both of these frameworks apparently empower newborn children to join jargon that has been gathered in the cerebrum, empowers them to comprehend what it means, and afterward can utilize this information to make sentences. Lenneberg (1967), consolidated the two speculations of Chomsky and Slobin, and proposes the delicate period theory, which expresses that the best time to get familiar with a language is before youth; after this period has been arrived at language turns out to be hard to learn. Fo r instance, a contextual investigation of multi year old Genie (Curtiss, 1977), who until this age was kept bolted away with next to zero social cooperation, and was beaten by her dad on the off chance that she made any clamor. At the point when Genie was found, she had not approached language thus couldn't talk. At the point when she was shown language, she had the option to invoke sentences effectively, anyway she couldn't procure the standards of grammar, which small kids learn at an opportune time in existence without being educated to, supporting Ba

5 Paragraph Essay Topics for College

When you apply to colleges you have chosen, you are required to write an essay along with the application. In this work you have to write about yourself to convince the admission committee that you deserve to start studying in the particular college. This may be quite difficult to create this paper, thats why we write this article where you will find many useful tips and ideas about choosing good topics for writing a 5 paragraph essay. We tried to gather and structure all the needed information, so you would understand things better. Just keep reading our guide and good luck with your writing! What is a five paragraph essay? This type of essay structure is a standard for college essay writing. This format is also widely used in many college classes. Lets consider the benefits of this format. In general, this is an effective way to polish and develop your composition skills. Probably, for some people, it seems difficult to create this type of essay, but after reading our guide you will get all the needed 5 paragraph essay ideas to create a successful college essay! Key elements of an excellent college essay Lets draw a structure of a 5 paragraph paper. It consists of next parts: Introduction. Here the writer describes the main idea of paper and gives to readers a short background about the entire work. This is the most important element of your essay because nobody would read a paper with a weak introduction. Here you should also put a thesis statement – this is the sentence that shows the main idea of your paper. Actually, there are many ways how to start this paragraph, and here are the most popular: choose good topics for a 5 paragraph essay to impress your readers with a bright subject; start your work with a quote to turn your readers attention; bring an interesting question and give an answer in the essay; write an anecdote or some exciting story at the very beginning, it will help to make your work non-ordinary; put a name of a well-known person at the very beginning (people like to read things connected to celebrities, politics, etc.) Body part, paragraph 1. Body part, paragraph 2. Body part, paragraph 3. This is the main part of your work that consists of three paragraphs. Here you can put all the needed information to support the main idea of your paper. Keep in your mind that each of three paragraphs should contain the one argument or point to support a thesis statement. Conclusion. This is the fifth paragraph of your essay where you have to end up your work shortly and logically. Why its important to choose right topics for five paragraph essay? Selecting a topic is a quite important step in your work because all success of your essay depends on this question. If you choose an interesting subject for your paper, then you will definitely have a higher chance to be accepted at the college. Before creating your paper, you should discover interesting topics for a 5 paragraph essay, and select a good subject to highlight. Remember that a half of your success depends on a chosen subject, thats why you should take your time and make a good research to find a bright and interesting topic. Keep reading our guide, and find fresh ideas for your papers topic to impress the admission committee! Best five paragraph essay topics for college We want to share some ideas for your future works subject, and hope you will find a good topic to write about! Tell your story. In this essay, you may tell about your hobbies, character or experience. Try to be honest and provide the admission committee with something interesting! Overcoming challenges. You definitely had something happened in your life that changed you to the best. Tell about your experience and what you have learned from the particular situation. Solving a situation. Present in your essay a situation when you had to find a decision to an important problem. Make people involved in the process, tell how you were insecure and what pushed you to make a final decision. Personal growth. Write here about some experience that made you better. Describe the event in details and provide the readers with arguments that prove your personal growth. Explain the importance of what happened. Write about your passion. This essay requires writing about the thing you are involved in. For example, it could be your favorite music, a book that inspired you, or just something you love to do the most. In this work, its very important to emphasize your individuality and personal qualities. If you still need more concrete ideas, you can search and read a five paragraph essay topics list to create a strong paper. How to write your own topic? Of course, you can make your own topic to write about. We suggest making this step only if you already have an experience in writing essays. Feel free to brainstorm all ideas that come to your head, and choose the brightest one! Anyway, try to put your attention on next things: Dig deeply into your topic asking yourself why and how. Demonstrate your own individuality to the admission committee. Read examples of 5 paragraph essay topics for college, this will help to get your own idea of writing. More useful tips in writing your college essay Here we want to give you some useful ideas about creating your paper: Make a work about something that is very important and interesting for you. If you feel stuck with own ideas, find good topics to write a 5 paragraph essay on the Internet. Describe yourself and your own character through your paper. Bringing too many funny moments is a bad idea. Take your time and plan everything beforehand. Try not to write repetitive information. Make sure you revised your work and corrected all errors. After we have shared all the needed tips for writing your paper and gave you the most interesting topic ideas for a 5 paragraph essay, we hope that you will create a successful and interesting work! We wish you good luck, and hope you will be approved by the college of your dream!

Research Paper on Women Isolation

Technology inventions and creativity is one of the modern science subjects that have brought a lot of impacts to our lives. We cannot deny the fact that scientific research and implementation of new techniques has inculcated a lot of confidence in our industries and homes. For instances in the medical industry it has helped doctors to carry out successful operations, invention of new drugs, and the general orderliness in our hospitals but sometimes when misused can bring disastrous effects to the lives of human beings especially when scientists are not certain of the outcome of a particular experiment. It is clear that we use scientific approach to better our lives and try to harmonize various physical factors in our environment. However, one thing we cannot change is the law of nature, the way it was created will forever remain that way although we can make few alterations to suit our daily activities. The way we perceive things as opposite genders shall also remain put. Both men and woman in the contemporary society are fighting for their rights, women taking the lead in this campaign but we cannot ever be equal. Women isolation is a thing that will never end regardless of the struggle and constant fight for their rights. The belief has been there since the start of time. Women will always be subject to men and this is a fact they need to accept and move on without unnecessary competition. From God’s creation we realize that females of any organism are feminine, so there are no way they can compete equally with their male counterparts and human beings are not an exception (Person 55). From the short story, we can deduce that men are always attracted to women especially those who are beautiful and it is the man to make the first move in establishing a relationship. Aylmer took the initiative of looking for a beautiful woman and he settled on Georgiana and after winning her heart he married her after which she was now a subject of Aylmer. She could not do anything that would provoke her husband a thing that Aylmer was proud of. This was to proof that she loved and whatever he wanted she should do without objection. Women are regarded as weak sex and therefore given the duty of doing less involving activities. They are isolated from intermingling with men and if found doing any vice they are punished unlike men who are always free to do anything within their imagination (Person 65). In the society, men are the major decision makers and women only tend to believe that what men have decided is final and are absolutely true. They need not object or give any suggestion for it will look like they doubt the competence of men. Major family decisions men are involved and incase of any difficulty men will rather look for advice from a male friend than ask his wife for a solution. Women are actually isolated and their decisions are never accepted even in today’s community. This is clearly visible from Hawthorne story that when Aylmer proposed to Georgiana that the birth was not appealing and needed to be removed, without thinking the consequences it could cause to her life she accepted and even supported the idea that it made her ugly. She was submissive to her husband and tried to avoid any issues that could bring conflicts. From Aylmer’s scientific background not much of his experiments had been successful and Georgiana should have rejected the idea so as for research could be done to establish the accuracy of the concoctions she was given which finally cost her life (Fioto 54). In our current society women isolation is almost visible everywhere. In politics for examples women are never allowed to participate in it and if she finds her way to the top she will not be supported when administering her duties. This has always been the trend and she will in most cases called names accusing her of not caring for her family, being loose, and even accused of being arrogant while in reality men are the one who are arrogant for if it was not for Aylmer’s arrogances he could have accepted his wife the way she was and appreciated nature. In our offices women do not take up major managerial post, this is because of the isolation and discrimination at the work places. This has led to women forming organizational groups all over the world so as to fight for their rights and equality. The law on the other hand has been manipulated to support women and give them their freedom as human being. This is seen as the struggle to suppress women isolation in the society and t o promote mutual coexistences (Reid Ponic 27). In addition, when dividing duties and responsibilities there is always social isolation whereby women are not allowed to lead their families and when the husband dies no one is willing to help instead the relatives or other family members deprive them of the finances and material gain that she could have inherited leaving them poor, discriminated, stigmatized and isolated raising the children bare handedly and more so if she was not able to sire children she will be sent away and in old age women face the worst form of isolation because no one longer cares about them. In fact no one will even socialize with them hence end up being desperate, stressed, and lack hope to live. Nature and biological deficiency cannot be separated so scientists need to understand this phenomenon and live with it instead of trying to put forward theories that cannot help restore nature. God’s creations are perfect and He had a reason for everything that He created so regardless of how much we may no t want it, we should let it go and accept them the way they are (Reid Ponic 38) Works cited: Reid Colleen and Ponic Pamela. Living in isolation: Women’s experiences of poverty and  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   exclusion. Edmonton: qualitative institute press. (3) 2004 17-47 Fioto, Barbara. Social isolation: Important construct in community health. Geriatric  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nursing. Oxford: Abe books press. 23(1) 2002, 53-55. Obsession in the birthmark. 123HelpMe.com. Retrieved on 15th November, 2010 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.123HelpMe.com/view.asp?id=16989 Various, G. The Riverside Literature Series Short Stories.US: BiblioBazaar (2009) 224-258 Person, Leland. The Cambridge introduction to Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York: Cambridge   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   university press. (2007) 56-144

Is Technology Contributing to Americas Laziness Essays

Is Technology Contributing to America’s Laziness? Many people are spending their leisure times behind computers and tablets than they are being physically productive. Although, most of the new technologies have had many benefits to the advancements in the way in which we function efficiently in the world today; it also has contributed to the sedentary lifestyles for many adults and children. A world before technology, included children playing activities outside and adults engaging in these activities with their children. Technology should be limited to ensure that we are all getting an adequate amount of social interaction, that children are being properly educated and to help reduce the continuing growth of obesity in America.†¦show more content†¦People do not have to take the time to think for themselves anymore, they can find the answer with a click of a button. Technology changes the way we live our daily lives, the way we learn, and the way we use our faculties of attention -- and a growing body of research has suggested that it may have profound effects on our memories (particularly the short-term, or working, memory), altering and in some cases impairing its function (Gregoire). Technology has also made it to the point where people are losing social skills and no longer interacting face to face. It has become common for people to have a more active virtual social life than they do a physical social life. â€Å"When the brain spends more time on technology-related tasks and less time exposed to other people, it drifts away from fundamental social skills like reading facial expressions during conversation† (â€Å"Scientists Fear†, 2008). Technology has come to a point where people no longer have to or want to leave their homes in order to meet and socialize with other people. With such things as social networking, we are all owed to meet hundreds of new people without even moving. The problem with that is we need to have the opportunity to leave our homes and engage in social interactions face to face. Social skills are important for a healthy social life. â€Å"Social skills are the skills we use to communicate and interact with each other, both verbally and non-verbally, through gestures,Show MoreRelatedEssay on The Impact of Child Obesity on a Childs Life1972 Words   |  8 Pagesgross healthy food. But, with the vending machines being stocked with more junk food snacks kids are willing to put his or her money into the machine. Another cause for childhood obesity is the lack of activity or exercise they do. With all the technology around the country it’s fairly simple for a child to talk his or her way out of playing a sport or exercising for a couple of minutes a day. 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Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: ( 44) 1865 843830, fax: ( 44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and thenRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCalifornia State University Tim Bothell, Brigham Young University David Cherrington, Brigham Young University John Collins, Syracuse University Kerri Crowne, Temple University Todd Dewett, Wright State University Andrew J. Dubrin, Rochester Institute of Technology Steven Edelson, Temple University Norma Givens, Fort Valley State University Barbara A. Gorski, St. Thomas University David Hampton, San Diego State University Stanley Harris, Auburn University Richard E. 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Food Log Analysis free essay sample

5 day food analysis During the 5 day span I met the calorie requirement of 2850 in daily food intake due to my high activity level. I pretty much had a balanced diet in terms of having each food group represented in my daily intake. I plan on to keeping my muscle mass, so I pretty much had a diet plan before. But going through the calorie tracker in the website made me realize that I was eating too much junk food than intended. It really didn’t have any adverse on my physique due to my early mentioned level of activity but by cutting down on my junk food intake for the week I was recording this log I was able to enjoy good wholesome food, without spending a lot of money in college cafeteria. Not only was I able to do this I was able to feel the effect of having healthy food in my daily workouts. We will write a custom essay sample on Food Log Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was more energized to do work and felt the energy throughout the day. I did not need coffee or any other types of energy drink to keep me going through the day. I also was able to watch and track how much of what I was eating during this time period. I usually overeat on the food groups such as meat and fruits while skipping vegetable and grains that are needed for a balanced body. Now I made sure that everything was in proportion and also introduced new foods my daily routine. I plan on to implementing the above mentioned findings on to my diet from now on so that I could avoid the mistakes that I used to commit before.

Miele Organisational Resources Base

Introduction: general overview of the company Miele is the company which produces high-end home appliances and professional catering tools including kitchen equipment for industrial use. All tools and appliances produced under the Miele brand are associated with quality and reliability because the company’s intangible capital or, to be more exact, its reputation has been formed for decades with the help of approach that did not change for years.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Miele: Organisational Resources Base specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this respect, it is necessary to outline the key resources that made this company successful by now and offer certain strategies to sustain it in the current condition further. Besides, competitive advantage and its value for Miele’s success should be enlarged on as it brings the company along compared to its competitors’ position in the global mar ket taking into account Miele’s success within domestic market of home appliances and other goods produced under this brand. Key resources of the company’s success The key resources of any company include assets and capabilities. In this respect, Miele can be analysed as a brand whose customer based assets include strong company name and reputation based on high-quality products resulting in customer loyalty. In other words, the fact that the company spends more on innovation, research, development, and customer relationship management benefits its susses in the market. Internal support and supply chain assets include machines and mechanisms, buildings, and research centres whereas alliance-based assets establish company’s relations with all branches that take part in the manufacturing process making all plants that are situated outside the main area of Miele’s activity produce goods under the same brand. Strategic capabilities of Miele are based on the c ompany’s traditions and implementation of new technologies in operation. Functional capabilities include Miele’s manufacturing of high-quality goods though they do not try to compete at a price level selling their goods at appropriate cost. Operational capabilities include high-end goods and plans of the company for the future. Competition in a changing market Competition that takes place in the changing market has little relation to what Miele is going to achieve because the company is aimed at production of high-end goods that serve for long periods of time compared to those produced by competitors.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this respect, trying to compete for a price will make Miele’s products of lower quality discouraging loyal customers and people that wanted to buy products under this brand for their high quality from doing so. In other wo rds, Miele can compete for a price but it also can sustain its position in the market which is unique and remain a manufacturer of high-end products, home appliances, and other equipment. Successful resources for Miele in future Miele is a successful brand due to the unique niche it occupies in the global market contrasted to is competitors. Though some customers are ready to buy rather expensive products as investment in the future operation period, it is necessary to introduce changes concerning the resources spent on production of expensive goods. In other words, Miele’s target audience includes people that realise the benefits of such appliances or those who seek for prestigious tools (tools that are claimed to be prestigious to have produced under a definite brand). So, it is possible to reduce costs on production of ‘luxurious’ tools and make the products manufactured for ordinary people, that want to invest in appliances as a good method of economizing, mo re available in terms of costs. Reference List Hooley, Graham, Piercy, Graham Nicoulaud, Brigitte, 2008. Marketing strategy and competitive positioning. 4th ed. London: Pearson Education. This essay on Miele: Organisational Resources Base was written and submitted by user Kaylynn C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Maths Coursework Essays

Maths Coursework Essays Maths Coursework Essay Maths Coursework Essay In my investigation I plan to find out whether my theory that year 10 pupils are better at estimating the length of a stick than year 7 pupils. Plan- In my investigation I plan to use secondary data gathered from both year 7 and year 10 pupils, which I will then do a random sample of which will be used to find the mean, median, mode, range as well as standard deviation which I will then put into groups and frequency tables to compare and from this I will hopefully be able to come to a conclusion. Aim- I am hoping to find if the statement that year 10 pupils are better at estimating length than year 7 pupils is true and find different ways of proving this. I am hoping to find a mean for the both groups to compare where I will hope to find that the year 10 mean is closer to the actual value (1.36m) than year 7 pupils and this I hope will help me come to a fair conclusion. I am also hoping to find the standard deviation for both groups and hope to find that year 10 pupils will have a smaller standard deviation than the year 7 pupils because I believe it is more reliable because it shows less range which means all of the pupils have answered fairly similarly because a wide range means people where miles away with their guessing. Sampling- I will number each piece of raw data and then I will use the random search on my calculator. I will have to use a sampling because there is too much data to work with and it will be random to make it fair. Because I will use a random sample I will need to find a certain number of the population that I will randomly choose. So I need to find what proportion of year 7 and 10 pupils I will need. I have chosen to use 20%, which is 36 pupils so it is in the same proportion as the population, i have chosen 20% because i believe this number represents a fair selection of the population. To do this I will need to figure out how many boys and girls I will need to randomly select, first I will use the data of year 7 pupils, Year 7 Boys Girls Because I am working with this certain type of data which is given to me in people it means I cannot use decimal points so I will need to round the figures up and down. Boys Girls To select my 15 boys and 21 girls from year 7 I will use the random button on my calculator. To do this I have numbered all of my data values so they maybe selected fairly. I have done this because it is random and not biased towards anyone so it is completely random. Example- I used the random button on my calculator and the number 0.145 acme up so I looked through my data and looked for which record was given this number and then I recorded its gender which was female and then its estimate which was 1.50 then I repeated this process again using my calculator and the number 0.234 came up so I looked through my records and saw it was outside my range so I ignored it and when I came to the end and had found the number of females I wanted but not males I would simply continue until another male record came up ignoring the rest of the females. Year 7 Sample- Year 10 In year 10 there are 93 girls and 87 boys, because they are different values I will have to do a calculation to figure out the proportion of the population who will be included in my 20% (36 people). I will use the same method to do the year 10 pupils as I did with the year 7 pupils to make the investigation fair. Year 10 Girls Boys Again because I am working with data that in this case cannot be used with decimal places, so I will need to round them up and down. Boys Girls Year 10 Sample Because I have now randomly chosen a fair amount of both year 7 and year 10 pupils, I have now decided to find the mean, median, mode, range and standard deviation for the groups of year 7 boys and girls and year 10 boys and girls. Analysis of results To find out the standard deviation and the mean ( ) I will use my calculator, to find out the mode and range I can simply read off the answers and to find the median I will write down the values the find the answer. Year 7 Boys Girls Mean ( ) Median- Mode- Range- Standard Deviation (2d.p)- Year 10 Boys Girls Mean ( )- Median- Mode- Range- Standard Deviation (2d.p)- Because I am trying to find that year 10 pupils are better at estimating length than year 7 pupils I will need to find an overall mean, median, mode, range and standard deviation for year 7 and Year 10 pupils. Year 7 Mean ( )- Median- Mode- Range- Standard Deviation (2d.p)- Year 10 Mean ( )- Median- Mode- Range- Standard Deviation (2d.p)- Now I have decided to put my results in to graphs and frequency tables because I believe these will help me come to a fair conclusion. I have chosen to use standard deviation because it shows the average distance each data value is from the mean, which i believe will help me with my investigation and the mean will help me see what the average data value from the selected data is and i believe these will help me come to a fair conclusion. Conclusion- From my results I have proved my hypothesis correct because the mean of the year 10 pupils estimations is closer to the correct length of the stick, which is 1.36m. With the mean of the year 7 estimations being 1.43m the overall year 10 mean is 1.38m meaning that the year 10 pupils are better at estimating length than year 7 pupils. But the standard deviation of year 10 pupils is 0.22 with the standard deviation of the year 7 pupils being 0.13 this shows that the year 7 results are more reliable because the results are closer together showing a similarity in the answers and also showing that pupils in year 10 have estimated a wider range which is also shown in the range because the year 10 pupils have a much wider range meaning it is less reliable. This tells me that not all year 10 pupils are better at estimating length than year 7 pupils. So overall I believe the results of my investigation where inconclusive because although the mean of the year 10 pupils was closer to the actual length which does in a way prove that year 10 pupils are better at estimating length than year 7 pupils but the standard deviation shows how the year 10 pupils results are also less reliable than year 7 pupils results. So I believe that both of my results can cancel each other out leaving me no choice but to say the results of my investigation where inconclusive. Evaluation- I believe that the random sampling method that I used in my investigation worked very well as well as the way I chose the percentage of the population, which I planned to use. I believe there was nothing wrong with this method and if I was made to re-do this investigation I would have used the same method. The main point that forced me to come to the conclusion that my investigation turned out inconclusive was the results themselves because I am trying to prove that a certain group of people (year 10) is better at estimating length than another group of people (year 7) and with these results I found that some year 7 pupils where actually better at estimating length than some year 10 pupils even though the majority in year 10 where better at estimating length it meant that I could not say that all year 10 pupils where better at estimating length and shows how difficult it was to come to the conclusion with the results of the standard deviation to consider as well. Another thing I believe is that the mean is hard to come to a conclusion with because out of the whole of year 10 the mean was 1.38m which not 1 person in the year had as their estimate. If I done this investigation again I would choose a lower percentage of people to choose from like 10% which would have been 18 pupils and any pupils whos estimates where way out I would discard them or make sure they do not guess stupidly and this would make it easier to come to a conclusion.

APA review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

APA review - Assignment Example The APA standard of writing creates cues for readers to follow ideas effectively and trace information that may be of interest to them. In addition, it draws attention by not distracting readers with unfamiliar formatting and writing styles, as well as generating credibility in command of content and ideas to the audience of written works. This creates confidence in the audience and demonstrating awareness of the researcher (Seas and Brizee, 2012). The formatting style is used mostly in three disciplines: social sciences, business and nursing and covers two types of papers, which include literature reviews and experimental reports and outlines required sections of each paper. In addition, APA covers the most basic areas of concern, which include point of view, clarity, and choice of words. It also highlights citations and reference lists where it takes into consideration the requirements of in-text citations, footnotes and endnotes, reference lists and the basic rules associated with

Health Care Industry Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Health Care Industry - Coursework Example This has led to a reputation that is based on the specific types of health care plans and the options available to assist with those who are in need of health care (Humana, 2011). Humana began in the 1960s by providing assistance to those who were living in nursing homes. The beginning in 1961 included two owners, Wendell Cherry and David Jones, deciding to build a nursing home to assist those in need of extra care. Within seven years, the nursing homes had grown to over 40 facilities available for seniors in need of various levels of assistance. By the late 1960s, the need for nursing homes changed, specifically because of the introduction to Medicare and the extra assistance from hospitals. By the 1970s, the focus was to provide extra assistance for living as well as to provide needed resources for those who were in hospitals. This expanded with the acquisition of America Medicorp that was based on adding special care. It wasn’t until 1984 that health plans and insurance wer e offered to assist a diverse population of individuals. By the 1990s, the company was known for its strong reputation among doctors and patients, as well as the several packages available for diverse needs in health care (Humana, 2011). Today, there are several products and services offered by Humana. The strongest plan is the Medicare option, which began in the 1970s following the ventures in nursing homes. The main health insurance follows this, known as Humana One. This particular brand is known for offering several comprehensive plans for individuals, families, businesses and those who have special needs. This is also divided into alternatives for dental and vision as well as for life and supplemental insurance. Human also offers home delivery for assistance, known as Right Source RX. This is combined with the Humana Pharmacy Solutions, which incorporates the best clinically proven medicines that patients need at all levels. There are also special programs for veterans and mili tary officials, specifically which provides different types of pharmaceuticals and assistance in insurance (Humana, 2011). The growth of Humana in the health care industry has also led to branches in the business for various ventures. A Humana Foundation has been established, specifically which is based on providing health solutions for those that are in need of assistance. The focus is to offer education, training and assistance to build healthy communities. This is a part of the social responsibility that Humana has introduced to various communities. Within this are healthy concepts that are applied, such as the B-Cycle, a community initiative to get more individuals biking to work for better health in the environment and of the individual. This is followed by the Humana Games for Health, used as a way to increase activity in communities while building responses among those that are interested in health. These specific concepts are currently used as the main components of services that Humana is using to give back to the community for building and sustaining health (Humana, 2011). The background of Humana is compliant with the current trends that are associated with the industry sector. Today has several areas that are beginning to grow and offer more to those in health care. New and emerging technologies are providing more health options to individuals in need of assistance. Higher amounts of quality and payment reforms are also being noted. Currently, consumers

How to Succeed in College Essay Example for Free

How to Succeed in College Essay Hints on How to Succeed in College Classes The Key to Success: Study Time The single most important key to success in any college course is to spend enough time studying. A rule of thumb is that you should expect to study about 2 to 3 hours per week outside of class for each unit of credit. For example, a student taking 15 credit hours should expect to spend 30 to 45 hours each week studying outside of class. Combined with time in class, this works out to a total of 45 to 60 hours spent on academic work†not much more than the time a typical Job requires, and you get to hoose your own hours. Of course, if you are working while you attend school, you will need to budget your time carefully. As a rough guideline, your study time might be divided as shown in the table below. If you find that you are spending fewer hours than these guidelines suggest, you can probably improve your grade by studying longer. If you are spending more hours than these guidelines suggest, you may be studying inefficiently; in that case, you should talk to your instructor about how to study more effectively. If Your Course Is: Time for Reading the Assigned Text (per week) Time for Homework Assignments (per week) Time for Review and Test Preparation (average per week) Total Study Time (per 3 credits 2 to 4 hours 2 to 3 hours 2 hours 6 to 9 hours 4 credits 3 hours 8 to 12 hours 5 credits 3 to 5 hours 3 to 6 hours 4 hours 10 to 15 hours General Strategies for Studying 0 Budget your time effectively. Studying 1 or 2 hours each day is more effective, and far less painful, than studying all night before homework is due or before exams. 0 Engage your brain. Learning is an active process, not a passive experience. Whether you are reading, listening to a lecture, or working on assignments, always make sure hat your mind is actively engaged. If you find your mind drifting or falling asleep, make a conscious effort to revive yourself, or take a break if necessary. 0 Dont miss class, and come prepared. Listening to lectures and participating in class activities and discussions is much more effective than reading someone elses notes or watching a video later. Active participation will help you retain what you are learning. Also, be sure to complete any assigned reading before the class in which it will be discussed. This is crucial, since class sessions are designed to help reinforce key deas from the reading. 0 Use your textbook effectively. For a science book, for example: Begin by identifying the learning goals of an assigned chapter, and get an overview of key concepts by studying the illustrations and reading their captions. Next, read the chapter twice: On the first pass, read only the narrative, skipping any optional or boxed features; on the second pass, include the boxed features, and make notes on the pages to remind yourself of ideas you may want to review later. After you complete the reading, check your understanding by trying some of the end- f-chapter problems or any on-line quizzes or tutorials that may be available. 0 Start your homework early. The more time you allow yourself, the easier it is to get help if you need it. If a concept gives you trouble, first try additional reading or studying beyond what has been assigned. If you still having trouble, ask for help: You surely can find friends, peers, or teachers who will be glad to help you learn. 0 Working together with friends can be valuable in helping you understand difficult concepts. However, be sure that you learn with your friends and do not become dependent on 0 Dont try to multitask. A large body of research shows that human beings simply are not good at multitasking: When we attempt it, we do more poorly at all of the individual tasks. And in case you think you are an exception, the same research found that those people who believed they were best at multitasking were actually the worst! So when it is time to study, turn off your electronic devices, find a quiet spot, and give your work a focused effort of concentration. 02013, Jeffrey Bennett (www. effreybennett. com). Permission granted to photocopy as a two-sided handout for college classes. How to Succeed in College Classes, Page 2 Preparing for Exams 0 Rework problems and other assignments; try additional questions to be sure you understand the concepts. Study your performance on assignments, quizzes, or exams from earlier in the term. 0 Study your notes from classes, and reread relevant sections in you r textbook. Pay attention to what your instructor expects you to know for an exam. 0 Study individually before Joining a study group with friends. Study groups are effective only if every individual comes prepared to contribute. 0 Dont stay up too late before an exam. Dont eat a big meal within an hour of the xam (thinking is more difficult when blood is being diverted to the digestive system). 0 Try to relax before and during the exam. If you have studied effectively, you are capable of doing well. Staying relaxed will help you think clearly. Presenting Homework and Writing Assignments All work that you turn in should be of collegiate quality: neat and easy to read, well organized, and demonstrating mastery of the subject matter. Future employers and teachers will expect this quality of work. Moreover, although submitting homework of collegiate quality requires extra effort, it serves two important purposes directly related to learning: 1. . The effort you expend in clearly explaining your work solidifies your learning. In particular, research has shown that writing and speaking trigger different areas of your brain. By writing something down†even when you think you already understand it†your learning is reinforced by involving other areas of your brain. By making your work clear and self-contained (that is, making it a document that you can read without referring to the questions in the text), you will have a much more useful study guide when you review for a quiz or exam. The following guidelines will help ensure that your assignments meet the standards f collegiate quality: 0 Always use proper grammar, proper sentence and paragraph writing should be fully self-contained. A good test is to imagine that a friend is reading your work and to ask yourself whether the friend would understand exactly what you are trying to say.

Harappa :: essays research papers

The Indus Valley civilization flourished around the year 2500B.C., in the western part of southern Asia, in what is now Pakistan and western India. In addition it is referred to as the Harappan Civilization after the first city that was discovered, Harappa. Eventually, the Harappan Civilization completely vanished around 1500B.C. Men and women used to wear colorful robes. Women wore lots of jewelry and even lipstick. In addition women would wear bracelets like the ones that are worn today in present day India. Harappans houses were made out of baked brick, they were mostly one or two stories high, flat roofs and all of them were almost identical. Each house had it’s own well, drinking water and sometimes their own bathroom. People had clay pipes, which led from their bathroom to a sewage pipe that eventually ran out into a lake or river. These people were very good farmers of their time so they would usually have something like wheat bread and barley for dinner. Harappans grew peas, melons, barley, dates and wheat. Farmers would raise cotton, and had zebus, pigs and sheep. In addition the Harappans were so advanced they caught fish in the river with hooks! Little kids also had toys to play with as children. Some of the things people have found are, whistles, shaped like birds, small carts and toy monkeys that could slide down a string. Harappan entertainment was dancing, which they loved and there was a big swimming pool that was used for the public. In addition around the pool there were private baths and changing and dressing rooms. Transportation was ox, camels and elephants to travel on the land. They also had carts with wooden wheels. There were also sailing ships with masts that were supposedly used for sailing around the Arabian Sea. It is true that in the Harappan Civilization they did not write any cave carvings or a written language, except a few sentences, which we don’t understand. Something incredible that happened was around 1500B.C. These people just all disappeared. Nobody knows why it happened, but they have clues, like maybe they ran out of wood to hold back the flooding and they would have died if they stayed. Scientists have found out that 1,400 Indus sites were discovered since 1996 which is big enough to make the Harappan Civilization an Empire. The only problem is that there is no sign that emperors governed these people.

Pros and Cons of the Internet Essay

Ever since the World Wide Web was invented by Tim Bernes Lee in 1989, the internet has grown by leaps and bounds, and today ranks as one of the central phenomena in human life. Even though it offers a lot of benefits, its benefits are not purely unalloyed, but it is also associated with several unintended consequences (Otfinoski, 2007). On the positive side, the internet has been able to expand access to educational opportunities through e-learning or distance learning. This is because it offers enhanced access to educational opportunities both at a cost that is highly affordable, as well as in a manner that is highly convenient. For example, it allows those with busy schedules to conveniently schedule their classes. Apart from enhancing access to educational opportunities, Fairlie (2004) writes that individuals with access to the internet generally exhibit higher school enrolment and completion rates compared to those without access to internet technology. The internet also offers a huge repository of data and knowledge, resources which researchers can tap into. Secondly, the internet has become an important channel through which employment opportunities can be accessed. Sites such as Monster. com are daily helping to connect thousands of jobseekers with available job opportunities. Additionally, the internet is a powerful communication tool. Through the e-mail, instant messaging, and online chatting forums, people from many different parts of the world are able to send and receive messages and feedback from each other. The internet offers social networking forums such as Facebook and Twitter, through which millions of people worldwide share ideas and resources (Buchanan, 2002). The internet also provides huge entertainment value for millions of people worldwide. Through the internet, it is possible to watch and download one’s favourite videos, music, and TV shows. One can also play or download one’s favourite game. It offers a platform through which users can shop online, which enhances convenience in buying and selling (Buchanan, 2002). The internet has also made significant contributions to business, with e-commerce helping businesses create new sources of competitive advantage. Through direct marketing, organizations are able to cut out intermediation costs and lower costs. They are also able to access new markets without the added hassles of travelling across geographical boundaries. With more than one billion people connected to the internet, organizations have a potentially huge market made of billions of people, unlimited by space or time, which can be tapped into at the touch of a button (Rahman and Rasinghani, 2000). The internet has additionally brought about new opportunities that have birthed entirely new businesses and industries. Some of these businesses that immediately spring to mind include the so-called dotcoms, some examples of which include Amazon. com and EBay. These have created employment opportunities, and become a source of livelihood for thousands of people (Rahman and Rasinghani, 2000). Even though the internet provides a lot of benefits to users, it also has a grim underside associated with it. Security risks related to the breach of data security and confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation exist. For example, by using â€Å"sniffer† programs, hackers can collect personal information such as passwords or credit card numbers from their unwitting victims, which they can use to carry out fraud. This is known as identity theft (Cheswick, Bellovin, and Rubin, 2003). Apart from the theft of sensitive personal data, data being transmitted over the internet is prone to being compromised, by for example being modified by malicious users. Other threats include spoofing, where one computer can sidestep the authentication of a system by impersonating it, thus gaining unauthorized access to data carried in that system. Bugs in software and hardware resulting from design vulnerabilities, as well as malicious programs such as viruses, Trojan horses, and worms also present potential security threats that internet users are faced with (Cheswick, Bellovin, and Rubin, 2003). Apart from security threats that internet users face, the internet has also been associated with increasing the rate of sexual immorality, more specifically by exposing underage users to sexually explicit or pornographic material. According to Rovou (2007), there are some 4. 2 million pornography sites, and that every second, 28, 258 people are viewing pornography. Yet another adverse consequence that has been associated with the internet is that it has led the creation of the digital divide, which is threatening to widen the disparities between marginalized groups (such as minorities and those with lower incomes) and the privileged ones. For example, the internet offers educational opportunities (through distance learning), employment opportunities (through sites such as monster. com), and in recent times citizens of many country have been able to participate in many important national events through the internet thanks to e-governance initiatives. The fact that many people from the low income brackets and those from minority racial and ethnic groups have not been able to effectively access the internet as their counterparts from the dominant group has brought about concerns that the disparities between the two groups are likely to widen further, with the risk of the widening inequality causing social strife (Fairlie, 2004). References: Buchanan, W. 2002. The complete handbook of the internet. Springer. ISBN: 1402072368, 9781402072369. Cheswick, RW, Bellovin, SM, and Rubin AD. 2003. Firewalls and Internet security: repelling the wily hacker. Addison-Wesley. ISBN:020163466X, 9780201634662 Fairlie RW, Pastor M, London R and Rosner R. 2004. Race, youth, and the digital divide: a research and policy initiative. Center for justice, tolerance and community. Retrieved on 220 June 2009 from http://cjtc. ucsc. edu/PowerPoints/dd_wtgrant_slide_show_204. pdf. Otfinoski, S. 2007. Computers. Marshall Cavendish. ISBN: 0761425977, 9780761425977 Rahman SM, and Rasinghani, MS. 2000. Electronic commerce: opportunity and challenges. Idea Group Inc. ISBN: 1878289764, 9781878289766. Rovou, J. 2007. ‘Porn & Pancakes’ fights X-rated addictions. Retrieved on 20 June 2009 from http://www. cnn. com/2007/US/04/04/porn. addiction/

Qantas Understanding Organisations Essay - 2806 Words

Understanding organisations – Case Analysis MMM262 Matthew Acciarito Contents: Introduction - 3 Modernist Analysis – 4 Environment - 4 Social structure - 5 Technology - 5 Culture - 6 Problem Statement - 7 Solutions – 7/8 Symbolic – Interpretive Critique - 9 Post Modern Critique - 10 Conclusion - 11 Reference List - 12 Introduction Qantas is the world’s second oldest airline, founded in the Queensland outback in 1920. The organisation has dominated the Australian aviation industry to now be the largest domestic and international airline, employing approximately 37,500 people within 44 different countries becoming one of Australia’s strongest brands. This report will analyse the company†¦show more content†¦This intricate social structure within organization also comes with excessive labour costs. Although the mechanistic management system is the most appropriate for Qantas and other airlines in the industry, repeat problems tend to arise, close supervision and controlled centralization. When under immense pressure due to an unstable environment this system may be put to question, where as an organic system has greater flexibility and constant innovation that may handle this pressure much more efficiently. Technology Technology plays a major role within the aviation industry. As technology advances the company becomes more efficient, more out puts for fewer inputs. Within Qantas to be successful means to be up to date with the latest in technology, this includes hardware and software but also advanced technical systems. The Qantas typology of technology is the Thomson typology; this is based around three general types, long-linked, mediating and also intensive (Hatch, MJ and Cunliffe, AL 2006). Particularly focused on the intensive segment, this requires coordinating the specialized abilities of two or more experts in the transformation of a usually unique input to a customized output (Hatch, MJ and Cunliffe, AL 2006). The key feature of intensive technology is organisations must select, combine, and apply tasks based on the feedback received from the output produced (Sikdar, A 2008). This is Qantas’s current process,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Qantas Airlines An Organization Situational A nalysis1047 Words   |  5 Pagessituational analysis of Qantas Airlines. An organisations situational analysis refers to an analysis that consists of ascertaining the key factors that will be used as a basis for development of marketing strategy. (Elliot 2014). Situational analysis consists of the environment analysis (both internal and external environment), competitor’s analysis and finally the swot analysis. By analysing those elements stated above, it is likely that the higher authority could evaluate the organisations in terms of itsRead MoreSituational Analysis Of Qantas Airlines Situational Analysis1211 Words   |  5 Pagessituational analysis of Qantas Airlines. 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